[Appetite and exercise; influence of 12 weeks of circuit resistance training on the nesfatin-1 to acylated ghrelin ratio of plasma in overweight adolescents]

Appetite influences energy homeostasis. Nesfatin-1 and Acylated ghrelin are orexigenic and anorexigenic peptides that play an important role in obesity and energy balance. The purpose of this study was to determine the influence of one cycle circuit resistance training on the Nesfatin-1 to Acylated ghrelin ratio in adolescent overweight. Twenty male students, age 18 +/- 0.92 years, weight 83.57 +/- 5.62 kg and BMI 27.48 +/- 1.5 kg/m2 [mean +/- SE] were randomly allocated to the intervention and control groups. Subjects performead circuit-resistance training protocol with 60% 1RM, 3 sessions per week for 12 weeks. Levels of Plasma Nesfatin-1, Acylated ghrelin, Cortisol, Insulin and Growth hormone, were measured using the ELISA method. Results revealed that after 12 weeks circuit resistance training, Nesfatin-1 [P=0.005], acylated ghrelin [P=0.02], the Nesfatin-1 to Acylated ghrelin ratio [P=0.008] and growth hormone [P=0.04] levels increased in the plasma significantly whereas cortisol [P=0.05] decreased significantly. A significant positive correlation [R=0.79] was found between Plasma Nesfatin-1 and GH whereas a significant negative correlation [R=-0.729] was seen between Plasma Nesfatin-1 and cortisol [P

[Leisure-time physical activity and its association with metabolic risk factors in Tehranian adults: TLGS]

Leisure-time physical activity [LTPA], as a lifestyle-related behavior, could be a preventive factor for metabolic syndrome [MetS]. We aimed to examine the association between LTPA and MetS among the adults who participated in the Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study [TLGS]. In the present cross-sectional study, 4665 adults [1976 males and 2686 females], aged 20-70 years, were selected by multi-stage random cluster sampling from among TLGS participants. Subjects were classified according to their BMI. LTPA was determined via a validated and Modifiable Activity Questionnaire [MAQ], and MetS, according to the JIS criteria. Prevalence of the MetS was higher in obese groups [58.2%] compared to the overweight [36.6%] and normal weight [6%] ones [p<0.001]. Normal weight subjects [18.1%] were physically more active than other groups. In the normal weight group with light LTPA, the risk of lower levels of HDL-C and elevated levels of TG were higher than in individuals with vigorous LTPA [OR: 1.15; CI95% 1.05, 2.33] [OR: 1.46; CI95% 1.01, 2.14]. In the overweight group, the probability of elevated levels of FBS was higher among individuals with moderate LTPA than in those with vigorous LTPA [OR: 1.65 CI95% 1.37, 3.23], and there was also an inverse association between light LTPA and MetS [OR: 2.08; CI95% 1.03, 4.21]. This study confirmed that increased levels of LTPA are associated with a decreased likelihood of any inappropriate changes in components of Mets and the occurrence of Mets

[Assessing predicting factors in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease [NAFLD] in type 2 diabetes]

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease [NAFLD] is a relatively prevalent disorder with many suspected risk factors. The aim of this study was to assess the association between the suspected risk factors with the presence of NAFLD according to the ultrasonographic criteria in type II diabetic patients. The study was performed on 76 type 2 diabetic patients attending consecutively to endocrine clinic. Negative history of alcohol use and hepatitis Band C were our basic inclusion criteria. All candidates underwent thorough clinical and biochemical assays consist of height, weight, waist circumference, fasting blood sugar, HbA1c, triglyceride, total cholesterol, HDL and LDL, liver trans-aminases, alkaline phosphatase, thyroid function tests, serum iron and total iron binding capacity and liver sonography to detect the presence [stage I to III] or absence of steatosis. The score of metabolic syndrome was determined according to the latest ATP III criteria. Pearson and Spearman correlation coefficients and logistic regression were used to assess the relationship between suspected risk factors and the presence of NAFLD. Forty-nine patients [64.4%] were female. The mean age [+/-standard deviation] was 59.7+/-8.8 years. The mean BMI in patients with and without NAFLD were 29.4+/-4.5 and 24.8+/-3.8kg/m[2], respectively [p<0.001]. Prevalence of NAFLD was significantly higher among patients with metabolic syndrome [89% vs. 43%, p<0.05]. Age [r=-0.24, p<0.05], waist circumference [r=0.27, p<0.05] and triglyceride [r=0.28, p<0.05] had significant correlation with steatosis. However, in logistic regression analysis, only BMI [for each 5 unit increment] was independently associated with the presence of NAFLD [OR=4.25, 95% CI: 1.7-10.9, p<0.05]. In type 2 diabetic patients, only BMI had a significant role in predicting NAFLD. It seems that other metabolic factors will not give any additional information for predicting NAFLD